The Ethics Of Ethical Behavior - 1491 Words

Ethics can be described as the ideals and principles considered by individuals when determining acceptable behavior. Many individuals take into account socially established normalities and expectations when examining their own behavior. However, I find my ideals to be tied to Jean Paul Sartre’s existential views which assert that ethical behavior should be rooted in one’s personal ration ­alizations and a person’s actions should reflect free agency. Existentialism is a theory that stresses choice, freedom, and personal existence for the betterment of all of humanity. The existential idea that individuals possess the power and agency to shape their own lives (at least the decisions they make based off their circumstances) and one’s life is not determined by one’s existence relates to my personal philosophies of what constitutes ethical behavior. Each individual is dealt different circumstances in life, therefore a set list of rational ideals and va lues does not adequately address the what constitutes ethical behavior. I believe ethical behavior is constructed and justified through the existential elements of personal facticity and authenticity of individuals that work toward the peace and progression of all humanity; this is exhibited in Sartre’s play The Respectful Prostitute. To put it simply, the philosophical view of existentialism indicates that the world is an irrational place where individuals possess their own purpose, and therefore the responsibility lies on eachShow MoreRelatedEthical Ethics And Ethical Behavior1117 Words   |  5 Pagesethical behavior is the guidelines of behavior perceived in respect to a specific class of human activities or a specific group, society, and culture. If you are ethical, it means you are morally right. If you are unethical, then you are morally wrong. However, how do we determine what is exactly right or wrong? Do we know if we are ethical or unethical? I believe that how pe ople define â€Å"ethical behavior† or what people think constitutes ethical can be vary depending on culture we grow up with andRead MoreEthical Ethics And Ethical Behavior Essay2251 Words   |  10 PagesEthical conduct is a representation of leader’s self-expression of who they really are, and with past multi-billion dollar companies reported committing unethical and unmoral acts of behavior, it is imperative that leaders fully comprehend the ramifications related to their unethical behavior. Furthermore, an ethical virtue demonstrated by a leader paves the foundation for their followers to behave with the same ethical behavior established within the organization thus establishing a followers’Read MoreEthical Views Of Ethics And Ethical Behavior1123 Words   |  5 Pages Many different views and concepts related to ethics are discussed by Schermerhorn and Bachrach in this week’s lecture. As leaders and managers, a detailed understanding of thes e concepts is essential to providing appropriate leadership, guidance, and role-modeling to our employees, peers, and customers. Ethics and ethical behavior are especially important based on the scrutiny placed on leaders and managers in today’s world of increasing mass communication, social media, and enhanced transparencyRead MoreEthics : Ethical And Unethical Behavior869 Words   |  4 PagesWhat is ethics? What are some of the issues of ethics that occur in social research? How important is ethics in research? Ethics or moral philosophy involves, arranging, defending, and endorsing concepts of right and wrong conduct in society. The term ethics, according to Henry Sidgwick, derives from three great ethical philosophers of ancient Greece, Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle. Conducting social research, without proper use knowledge pertaining to the code of conduct is violating human rightsRead MoreEthics : Ethical And Unethical Behavior Essay1183 Words   |  5 PagesWebste r Dictionary ethics are â€Å"rules of behavior based on ideas about what is morally good and bad; an area of study that deals with ideas about what is good and bad behavior: a branch of philosophy dealing with what is morally right or wrong†. There is more to ethics than the simple definition. To understand ethics one must define what is ethical and unethical behavior in the workplace and it importance, prescriptive approaches, psychological approaches, whistle-blowers, and ethics as organizationalRead MoreEthical Dilemm Ethics And Behavior Essay1578 Words   |  7 PagesEthical Dilemma’s in The Work Place Companies place a high amount of importance on the ethics and behavior in the workplace. Most companies specify behavior requirements when hiring employees and provide guidelines of appropriate conduct pertaining to internal policies. When it comes to moral behavior in the workplace there is always a chance of making a decision for personal gain over ethical integrity. A key component to workplace ethics is integrity, honesty and doing the right thing at all timesRead MoreEffective Ethics and Ethical Behavior1468 Words   |  6 PagesEffective ethics and ethical behavior Memorandum and Report Carol Harris TO: Rebecca M. Melton, ABC Toy Co. CEO FROM: Carol Harris, Elementary Division Manager, ABC Toy Co. DATE: 6/5/11 SUBJECT: Product quality issue and a report on ethical decision making. This memo addresses a product quality issue with a whistle included in our toy collection. I have included a report on the importance of ethical decisionRead MoreEthics, Ethical, And Unethical Behavior1290 Words   |  6 Pagesmember within a corporation starts to cheat, steal, and coerce the system, it becomes a domino effect that leaves devastating ramifications. We will discuss issues like falsifying financial statements, improper use of company funds, ethical behaviors and unethical behaviors. Fairness The first virtue that I choose to discuss within this paper is the word fairness. Fair is defined as â€Å"agreeing with what is thought to be right or acceptable; treating people in a way that does not favor some over others;Read MoreEthics And Ethical Behavior Among The Employees1951 Words   |  8 Pages Ethics in work place The process of decision making is a very vital aspect of everybody that has been bestowed some responsibility in any organization. Every one in a certain profession therefore is bound to be faced by a situation which requires that he or her base the decision on some laid down guidelines. Every organization has an obligation to develop and avail the guidelines on which the employees should look upon when carrying out their responsibilities. These guidelines ensure that a certainRead MoreBusiness Ethics : Ethical And Socially Responsible Behaviors2491 Words   |  10 Pagesorganizations believed business ethics was only a way of managing compliance of legal principles and adherence to internal regulations and policies. Today the situation is different. Attention to business ethics is on the rise and many companies realize that in order to succeed, they must earn the respect and trust of their employees and clients. Presently organizations are being pushed to better their business pe rformance to stress legal, ethical and socially responsible behaviors. Organizations are held

What Is the Formula for Charles Law

Charles Law is a special case of the ideal gas law. It states that the volume of a fixed mass of a gas is directly proportional to the temperature.  This law applies to ideal gases held at a constant  pressure, where only the volume and temperature  are allowed to change. Charles Law is expressed as:Vi/Ti Vf/TfwhereVi initial volumeTi initial absolute temperatureVf final volumeTf final absolute temperatureIt is extremely important to remember the temperatures are absolute temperatures measured in Kelvin, NOT  °C or  °F. Charles Law Example Problems A gas occupies 221 cm3 at a temperature of 0 C and pressure of 760 mm Hg. What will its volume be at 100 C? Since the pressure is constant and the mass of gas doesnt change, you know you can apply Charles law. The temperatures are given in Celsius, so they must first be converted into absolute temperature (Kelvin) to apply the formula: V1   221cm3; T1   273K (0 273); T2   373K (100 273) Now the values can be plugged into the formula to solve for final volume: Vi/Ti Vf/Tf221cm3 / 273K Vf  /  373K Rearranging the equation to solve for final volume: Vf   (221  cm3)(373K) / 273K Vf   302 cm3

Discuss Net Present Value (NPV) Payback has certain...

INVESTMENT APPRAISAL Characteristically, a decision to invest in a capital project involves a largely irreversible commitment of resources that is generally subject to a significant degree of risk. Such decisions have far-reaching effects on a companys profitability and flexibility over the long term, thus requiring that they be part of a carefully developed strategy that is based on reliable appraisal and forecasting procedures. In order to handle these decisions, firms have to make an assessment of the size of the outflows and inflows of funds, the life span of the investment, the degree of risk attached and the cost of obtaining funds. One of the most important steps in the capital budgeting cycle is working out if the benefits of†¦show more content†¦But this WACC can change and can be subject to disagreement. The NPV calculation is only valid for the interest rate that has been used. If an organisation has appraised its capital investment proposals using an interest rate of 14% it will have a series of go or no go decisions which will only be valid for an interest rate of 14%. If the interest rate rises to 15% or falls to 13%, the decisions will no longer be valid, the calculations will have to be re-worked and new decisions taken. PAYBACK The payback period is the most widely used technique and is literally the amount of time required for the cash inflows from a capital investment project to equal the cash outflows. The usual way that firms deal with deciding between two or more competing projects is to accept the project that has the shortest payback period. Payback is often used as an initial screening method. Payback period = Initial payment / Annual cash inflow So if 4 million Euro is invested with the aim of earning 500.000 per year (net cash earnings), the payback period is calculated thus: P =Show MoreRelatedCapital Budgeting5568 Words   |  23 PagesCAPITAL BUDGETING MEANING OF CAPITAL BUDGETING Capital budgeting is the making of long term planning decision for investment fixed assets and their financing. Capital budgeting decision is concerned with current investment that will pay for itself and yield an acceptable rate of return over its life span. Hampton (1992) defines capital budgeting as the decision making process by which firms evaluate the purchase of major fixed assets, including buildings, equipment. It also covers decisions toRead MoreNet present value (NPV), payback period (PBP) and internal rate of return (IRR) approaches for a project evaluation2931 Words   |  12 PagesThis essay will discuss the net present value (NPV), payback period (PBP) and internal rate of return (IRR) approaches for a project evaluation. It is often said that NPV is the best approach investment appraisal, which I why I will compare the strengths and weaknesses of NPV as well as the two others to se if the statement is actually true. Introduction To start of, the essay will attempt to explain the theoretical rationale of the net present value approach to investment appraisal as well as itsRead MoreUnit 2 Managing Financial Resources and Decisions6487 Words   |  26 Pagesï » ¿CONTENTS 1. Understanding the Sources of Finance Available to a Business Identify the sources of finance available to a business. 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ISBN 0 273 68301 2 All rights reserved. Permission is hereby given for the material in this publication to be reproduced for OHP transparencies and student handoutsRead MoreManagement Control Systems Pdf115000 Words   |  460 PagesChartered Financial Analysts of India. Fo ISBN 81-7881-995-3 Ref. No. PMCS/A 01 2K6 31 For any clarification regarding this book, the students may please write to ICFAI giving the above reference number, and page number. While every possible care has been taken in preparing this book, ICFAI welcomes suggestions from students for improvement in future editions. rI B S U se O nl y C la s s of 20 09 Contents PART I: AN OVERVIEW OF MANAGEMENT CONTROL SYSTEMS ChapterRead Morepaul hoang answers72561 Words   |  291 Pagesused with caution and flexibility. Students who take an alternative approach to the suggested solutions should still be credited where appropriate; teachers should use their professional judgment in such cases. Since the Answer Book is 178 pages long, colleagues may find the use of ‘short keys’ useful when searching for answers. By pressing the and keys together, you will be prompted by a pop-up menu. Type in the question number or key word(s) you are seeking answers for (e.g. ‘2.8.3’ or ‘BauschRead MoreStrategic Marketing Management337596 Words   |  1351 Pagesauthors of this work has been asserted in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 No part of this publication may be reproduced in any material form (including photocopying or storing in any medium by electronic means and whether or not transiently or incidentally to some other use of this publication) without the written permission of the copyright holder except in accordance with the provisions of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 or under the terms of a licence issuedRead MoreProject Managemant29326 Words   |  118 Pagesimportance of initiating projects that add value to an organization 2. 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The Lowest Animal free essay sample

I have been studying the traits and dispositions of the lower animals (so-called), and contrasting them with the traits and dispositions of man. I find the result humiliating to me. For it obliges me to renounce my allegiance to the Darwinian theory of the Ascent of Man from the Lower Animals; since it now seems plain to me that the theory ought to be vacated in favor of a new and truer one, this new and truer one to be named the Descent of Man from the Higher Animals. In proceeding toward this unpleasant conclusion I have not guessed or speculated or conjectured, but have used what is commonly called the scientific method. That is to say, I have subjected every postulate that presented itself to the crucial test of actual experiment, and have adopted it or rejected it according to the result. Thus I verified and established each step of my course in its turn before advancing to the next. We will write a custom essay sample on The Lowest Animal or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page These experiments were made in the London Zoological Gardens, and covered many months of painstaking and fatiguing work. Before particularizing any of the experiments, I wish to state one or two things, which seem to more properly belong in this place than further along. This, in the interest of clearness. The massed experiments established to my satisfaction certain generalizations, to wit: 1. That the human race is of one distinct species. It exhibits slight variations (in color, stature, mental caliber, and so on) due to climate, environment, and so forth; but it is a species by itself, and not to be confounded with any other. 2. That the quadrupeds are a distinct family, also. This family exhibits variations (in color, size, food preferences, and so on; but it is a family by itself). 3. That the other families (the birds, the fishes, the insects, the reptiles, etc. ) are more or less distinct, also. They are in the procession. They are links in the chain, which stretches down from the higher animals to man at the bottom. Some of my experiments were quite curious. In the course of my reading I had come across a case where, many years ago, some hunters on our Great Plains organized a buffalo hunt for the entertainment of an English earl. They had charming sport. They killed seventy-two of those great animals; and ate part of one of them and left the seventy-one to rot. In order to determine the difference between an anaconda and an earl (if any) I caused seven young calves to be turned into the anaconda’s cage. The grateful reptile immediately crushed one of them and swallowed it, then lay back satisfied. It showed no further interest in the calves, and no disposition to harm them. I tried this experiment with other anacondas; always with the same result. The fact stood proven that the difference between an earl and an anaconda is that the earl is cruel and the anaconda isn’t; and that the earl wantonly destroys what he has no use for, but the anaconda doesn’t. This seemed to suggest that the anaconda was not descended from the earl. It also seemed to suggest that the earl was descended from the anaconda, and had lost a good deal in the transition. I was aware that many men who have accumulated more millions of money than they can ever use have shown a rabid hunger for more, and have not scrupled to cheat the ignorant and the helpless out of their poor servings in order to partially appease that appetite. I furnished a hundred different kinds of wild and tame animals the opportunity to accumulate vast stores of food, but none of them would do it. The squirrels and bees and certain birds made accumulations, but stopped when they had gathered a winter s supply, and could not be persuaded to add to it either honestly or by chicane. In order to bolster up a tottering reputation the ant pretended to store up supplies, but I was not deceived. I know the ant. These experiments convinced me that there is this difference between man and the higher animals: he is avaricious and miserly; they are not. In the course of my experiments I convinced myself that among the animals man is the only one that harbors insults and injuries, broods over them, waits till a chance offers, then takes revenge. The passion of revenge is unknown to the higher animals. Roosters keep harems, but it is by consent of their concubines; therefore no wrong is done. Men keep harems but it is by brute force, privileged by atrocious laws, which the other sex was allowed no hand in making. In this matter man occupies a far lower place than the rooster. Cats are loose in their morals, but not consciously so. Man, in his descent from the cat, has brought the cats looseness with him but has left the unconsciousness behind (the saving grace which excuses the cat). The cat is innocent, man is not. Indecency, vulgarity, obscenity (these are strictly confined to man); he invented them. Among the higher animals there is no trace of them. They hide nothing; they are not ashamed. Man, with his soiled mind, covers  himself. He will not even enter a drawing room with his breast and back naked, so alive are he and his mates to indecent suggestion. Man is The Animal that Laughs. But so does the monkey, as Mr. Darwin pointed out; and so does the Australian bird that is called the laughing jackass. No! Man is the Animal that Blushes. He is the only one that does it or has occasion to. At the head of this article we see how three monks were burnt to death a few days ago, and a prior put to death with atrocious cruelty. Do we inquire into the details? No; or we should find out that the prior was subjected to unprintable mutilations. Man (when he is a North American Indian) gouges out his prisoners eyes; when he is King John, with a nephew to render untroublesome, he uses a red-hot iron; when he is a religious zealot dealing with heretics in the Middle Ages, he skins his captive alive and scatters salt on his back; in the first Richards time he shuts up a multitude of Jew families in a tower and sets fire to it; in Columbus’s time he captures a family of Spanish Jews and (but that is not printable; in our day in England a man is fined ten shillings for beating his mother nearly to death with a chair, and another man is fined forty shillings for having four pheasant eggs in his possession without being able to satisfactorily explain how he got them). Of all the animals, man is the only one that is cruel. He is the only one that inflicts pain for the pleasure of doing it. It is a trait that is not known to the higher animals. The cat plays with the frightened mouse; but she has this excuse, that she does not know that the mouse is suffering. The cat is moderate (inhumanly moderate: she only scares the mouse, she does not hurt it; she doesn’t dig out its eyes, or tear off its skin, or drive splinters under its nails) man-fashion; when she is done playing with it she makes a sudden meal of it and puts it out of its trouble. Man is the Cruel Animal. He is alone in that distinction. The higher animals engage in individual fights, but never in organized masses. Man is the only animal that deals in that atrocity of atrocities, War. He is the only one that gathers his brethren about him and goes forth in cold blood and with calm pulse to exterminate his kind. He is the only animal that for sordid wages will march out, as the Hessians did in our Revolution, and as the boyish Prince Napoleon did in the Zulu war, and help to slaughter strangers of his own species who have done him no harm and with whom he has no quarrel. Man is the only animal that robs his helpless fellow of his country takes possession of it and drives him out of it or destroys him. Man has done this in all the ages. There is not an acre of ground on the globe that is in possession of its rightful owner, or that has not been taken away from owner after owner, cycle after cycle, by force and bloodshed. Man is the only Slave. And he is the only animal who enslaves. He has always been a slave in one form or another, and has always held other slaves in bondage under him in one way or another. In our day he is always some mans slave for wages, and does that mans work; and this slave has other slaves under him for minor wages, and they do his work. The higher animals are the only ones who exclusively do their own work and provide their own living. Man is the only Patriot. He sets himself apart in his own country, under his own flag, and sneers at the other nations, and keeps multitudinous uniformed assassins on hand at heavy expense to grab slices of other peoples countries, and keep them from grabbing slices of his. And in the intervals between campaigns, he washes the blood off his hands and works for the universal brotherhood of man, with his mouth. Man is the Religious Animal. He is the only Religious Animal. He is the only animal that has the True Religion, several of them. He is the only animal that loves his neighbor as himself, and cuts his throat if his theology isn’t straight. He has made a graveyard of the globe in trying his honest best to smooth his brother’s path to happiness and heaven. He was at it in the time of the Caesars, he was at it in Mahomet’s time, he was at it in the time of the Inquisition, he was at it in France a couple of centuries, he was at it in England in Mary’s day, he has been at it ever since he first saw the light, he is at it today in Crete (as per the telegrams quoted above) he will be at it somewhere else tomorrow. The higher animals have no religion. And we are told that they are going to be left out, in the Hereafter. I wonder why? It seems questionable taste. Man is the Reasoning Animal. Such is the claim. I think it is open to dispute. Indeed, my experiments have proven to me that he is the Unreasoning Animal. Note his history, as sketched above. It seems plain to me that whatever he is he is not a reasoning animal. His record is the fantastic record of a maniac. I consider that the strongest count against his intelligence is the fact that with that record back of him he blandly sets himself up as the head animal of the lot: whereas by his own standards he is the bottom one. In truth, man is incurably foolish. Simple things which the other animals easily learn, he is incapable of learning. Among my experiments was this. In an hour I taught a cat and a dog to be friends. I put them in a cage. In another hour I taught them to be friends with a rabbit. In the course of two days I was able to add a fox, a goose, a squirrel and some doves. Finally a monkey. They lived together in peace; even affectionately. Next, in another cage I confined an Irish Catholic from Tipperary, and as soon as he seemed tame I added a Scotch Presbyterian from Aberdeen. Next a Turk from Constantinople; a Greek Christian from Crete; an Armenian; a Methodist from the wilds of Arkansas; a Buddhist from China; a Brahman from Benares. Finally, a Salvation Army Colonel from Wapping. Then I stayed away two whole days. When I came back to note results, the cage of Higher Animals was all right, but in the other there was but a chaos of gory odds and ends of turbans and fezzes and plaids and bones and flesh not a specimen left alive. These Reasoning Animals had disagreed on a theological detail and carried the matter to a Higher Court.